Referred to among his supporters as a “king in exile”, Reza Pahlavi, 64, is the eldest son of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the late shah of Iran, who was toppled during the 1977-1979 popular uprising that led to the establishment of the Islamic Republic as we now know it.

As a staunch defender of a US-backed monarchy that he hopes to bring back to Iran, he has made several visits to Israel, taken photographs with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and cast himself as the only viable leader of a modern Iran if the Islamic Republic collapses.

On 16 June, during the recent hostilities between Israel and Iran, Pahlavi said that “the root cause of the problem has been the regime and its nature, and the only solution, ultimately, that will benefit both the Iranian people as well as the free world is for this regime to no longer be there”.

Responding to Pahlavi’s comments, Pakistani Defence Minister Khawaja Asif made headlines by calling the shah’s son a “bloody parasitical imperial whore”.